In excess.

While attributions of causes of death have been fraught with ridicule throughout the pandemic, this global epidemiologic study reports 18 million more deaths than expected in 2020 and 2021, three times that of reported COVID-19 deaths, suggesting a large if imprecise indirect death toll stemming from the massive societal economic costs of pandemic measures. | COVID-19 Excess Mortality Collaborators, Lancet 2022